Strategies for Improving Exam Performance
Exams are an occupational hazard of most forms of serious study and exam
technique is a crucial skill that is often overlooked by students. An
effective exam technique can often mean the difference between success and
failure in a course of study. Individual students develop their own particular
approach to exams, but experience shows that there are some strategies that are
more likely to succeed than others.
The purpose of exams is to assess and grade the extent to which students have
acquired the knowledge, perspective and skills associated with the objectives
of the course and to provide valuable feedback to students, teaching staff and
the general community. Exams are seen as objective measures of the ability of
students to understand and apply the principals and theoretical models
associated with their course's view of the world.
Because of the pressures associated with the exam format, students should
expect an increased level of stress, both during the exams and in the weeks
leading up to them. Stress manifests itself in many unexpected ways and can
often be a positive force within our lives. Nevertheless, inability to deal
productively with increased levels of stress causes performance to deteriorate
and, eventually health problems can occur.
There is a simple meditation technique that may calm you. This technique
involves closing your eyes and emptying your mind of any thought but that of a
bubble of air nestling in your stomach. Breathe out and visualize this bubble
rising to a point within your forehead. Breathe out and visualize the bubble
returning via your nose to its original spot within your stomach. Repeat this
a number of times, deliberately ejecting and other thoughts that may attempt to
crowd in. When you open your eyes again, your mind, body and spirit will be
rested and you will feel more in control. Many people laugh at this type of
meditation and say that it does not work. However, these people's pessimistic
nature ensure that anything like this that they try will not work.
In order to ensure that your performance in exams truly reflects the knowledge
and skills that you have developed in your course of study, you need to
organize various aspects of your life and develop strategies to help you in the
weeks before the exam, in the days before the exam, on the morning of the exam
and during the exam. Each of these topics is dealt with below. Good luck!
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Organization
- Relationships
Family and friends should be aware of your exam timetable, revision timetable
and how much you value success on your course of study. Family and friend will
invariably be supportive, particularly if you have negotiated household
commitments.
- Working area
You must have a clearly defined study space with easy access to folders and
books with a minimum of possible distractions. You are going to be doing a
lot of concentrated reading and writing.
- Time
Once you have your exam timetables, work through your personal timetable,
allocating blocks of time for revision of each of your subjects. If it is
properly constructed in balance with your social and leisure commitments, this
revision timetable is a valuable discipline in achieving success. Ensure that
you follow it!
- Subjects
You must be organized in each of your subjects. You must clearly
understand the course objectives, the topics in the course and the format of
the exam.
- Health and Fitness
Intensive study and exam pressure can sometimes lead to students ignoring their
physical health. Your revision timetable should include times for meals,
relaxation and regular exercise.
- Attitude
Exams have a torturous history and reputation, but in fact they could simply be
seen as opportunities to spend a number of hours writing about issues that you
are familiar with and skilled at analyzing. Remain confident that your
knowledge, skills, course work and revision program will enable you to provide
thoughtful, informed work during the exam.
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The Preceding Weeks
In the weeks leading up to the exam, the following strategies are
recommended:
- rewrite the course in your own words. Each of the topics in your course can
be broken down into sub-topics centered around concepts and areas of knowledge.
On the basis of your own various sources of information, you are going to
rewrite the course in your own words according to the sub-topics. If you
really understand something, you can write it in your own words without
assistance. If you are unable to summarize one of the sub-topics in your own
words, this is the signal that you have not understood it. Check the text,
your notes and readings or at least ask someone so that you are able to
summarize n your own words. Aim to have your personal written summary of the
course finished about a week before the date of the exam. Since you no longer
have to refer to texts etc, this document will be all that you need for
revision purposes.
- identify and memorize key concepts, definitions, phrases and diagrams.
- design potential questions based on previous exams. Design outlines of the
structure of possible answers to these questions.
- attempt to recite your summaries to the sub-topics without your notes.
- ensure that you are familiar with the details of the exam requirements
including date, time and venue
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Days Leading Up to the Exam
- summarize your summary into the key points, diagrams and issues associated
with the sub-topics. Develop your own abbreviations and shorthand
- practice jotting down key formulae, diagrams and definitions associated with
the sub-topics
- continue attempting to recite your summaries without notes.
- note the number of points associated with particular issues and memorize this
number
- if you are feeling stressed, use the meditation technique discussed
earlier
On the morning of the exam
- stay quietly confident, scanning your abbreviated summaries.
- ensure that you have all the requirements including a spare pen
- dont allow any distractions
- dont speak to any other candidates about your chances of the contents of the
exam
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During the Exam
- firstly, indicate next to each question which topic(s) of the course it is
concerned with
- then, underline the verbs and adverbs associated with the specific
instructions of the question. The examiner's marking scheme centers on the
extent to which the specific instruction of the question has been answered
- if there is a choice, choose those questions that you feel most comfortable
about achieving the requirements of the specific instruction of the question
- before you begin to write in your answer book, jot down an outline of the
structure of each question you intend to answer. Ensure that your structure
includes an explanation of the key terms, an informed response to the specific
instruction and conclusion
- when you have completed this initial exercise, calculate the time that can be
spent on each answer. It is important that you cover every element of the
exam
- indicate what part and which question you are answering
- start with the question that you feel most confident about, ensuring that you
only spend the previously determined time upon it. While you are doing the
first few questions, you may develop some insights into answers for the other
questions. It is then simply a matter of modifying the outlines that you wrote
earlier
- use clearly marked and labeled diagrams, wherever relevant, and refer to them
in your answer
- do not cramp space, particularly with diagrams. Use as much of the answer
books and spare paper as you wish.
- if you are overwhelmed by the atmosphere of the exam or by a particular
question, practice the breathing meditation technique.
- if you are running out of time for particular questions, abbreviate and
summarize so that the examiner has a sense of your knowledge and perspective on
the issue.